There are many ways attackers http://neoerudition.net/the-flexibility-of-virtual-data-room can target web applications (websites which allow you to connect to software using browsers) to steal sensitive information or introduce malicious code and take over your computer or device. These attacks exploit weaknesses in components like web applications such as content-management systems, web servers.
Web app attacks account for an overwhelming portion of security threats. Over the last 10 years attackers have sharpened their abilities in identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities that compromise the perimeter defenses of an application. Attackers can circumvent the most common defenses using techniques such as botnets, phishing, or social engineering.
A phishing scam involves fooling victims into clicking an email link that has malware. This malware downloads to their computer, which enables attackers to steal devices or systems to use for other reasons. Botnets are groups of infected and compromised connected devices, which attackers use to launch DDoS attacks or spread malware, to continue fraud in advertising, and much more.
Directory (or path) traversal attacks exploit patterns of movement to gain access to the files on the website, its configuration files and databases. The need for input sanitization is to protect against this type attack.
SQL injection attacks target the database which stores crucial data for websites and services by injecting malicious code which allows it to override security controls and reveal information that it normally would not. Attackers can then execute commands such as dump databases, etc.
Cross-site scripting attacks (or XSS), insert malicious code on a trusted site to hijack the browsers of users. This allows attackers to access session cookies and confidential information, impersonate users or alter content, and many more.